Performance evaluation of nanofluid-based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system with regression analysis

The recent global energy crisis has shocked Bangladesh's power sectors, and experts recommend using alternative energy sources to conserve natural gas, fossil fuels, and electricity. Numerous investigations on the photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system have been carried out to get the source efficiently. As a result, a parametric evaluation of the PVT system's efficiency in Dhaka, Bangladesh, is investigated numerically using CNT nanofluid as a coolant. The numerical simulation is performed using the Galerkin weighted residual based finite element method. For accurate computations, the meteorological data for Dhaka, Bangladesh, is taken from open sources of Renewables.ninja. The effect of regulating parameters Reynolds number (200 ≤ Re ≤ 1000), solar irradiation (200 W/m² ≤ G ≤ 1000 W/m²), and the monthly influence on performance such as cell temperature, fluid domain exit temperature, efficiencies, and energy are discussed. In addition, regression analyses of electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency are discussed for the input variables Reynolds number and solar irradiation. After postprocessing, empirical results are compiled and presented as 3D surface graphs, tables, and line diagrams. As the Reynolds number increased, the cell temperature and discharge temperature decreased, resulting in increased efficiency. However, the opposite situation is found for solar irradiation. Month-to-month variation also has a considerable impact on photovoltaic thermal performance. This research will help to improve the efficacy of PVTs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, by identifying useful alternative renewable energy sources.