Long-lasting cigarette smoking alterations in immune function occur in cannabis smokers, possibly rendering them vulnerable to smoking-related tumors in later life
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Cigarette and cannabis smoking elevate immune markers CXCL5 and CEACAM6, potentially increasing cancer risk. These long-lasting epigenetic changes persist even after quitting, affecting immune function and vulnerability to smoking-related tumors.
Area Of Science
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Epigenetics
Background
- Cigarette smoking elevates CXCL5 and CEACAM6, cytokines linked to inflammation, tumorigenesis, and cancer progression.
- These smoking-induced immune alterations may persist long-term due to epigenetic memory, even after cessation.
- Cannabis smoking may induce similar immune effects.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the relationship between cigarette and cannabis smoking with immune markers CXCL5 and CEACAM6 using UK Biobank data.
- To assess the long-lasting effects of smoking on immune function and potential links to cancer risk.
Main Methods
- Utilized UK Biobank data, including smoking and marijuana use information.
- Analyzed circulating levels of CXCL5 and CEACAM6 (Normalized Protein Expression) from Olink data.
- Performed multivariate analysis, controlling for age and sex.
Main Results
- Current and past smokers exhibited elevated CXCL5 and CEACAM6 levels.
- Smoking history (current, past, or none) was significantly associated with CXCL5 and CEACAM6 levels, independent of age and sex.
- Cannabis use frequency showed similar associations with CXCL5 and CEACAM6 levels, independent of age, sex, and time since last use.
Conclusions
- Confirms cigarette smoking-induced epigenetic changes leading to long-lasting immune alterations in CXCL5 and CEACAM6.
- Identifies similar long-lasting immune alterations in cannabis smokers, suggesting potential vulnerability to smoking-related cancers.
- Highlights the need for further research into the long-term health implications of both cigarette and cannabis smoking on immune function and cancer risk.
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