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Treatment success in cats with chronic enteropathy is associated with a decrease in fecal calprotectin

Romy M Heilmann1, Denise S Riggers1, Isla Trewin2

  • 1Department for Small Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|April 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Fecal calprotectin is a promising non-invasive biomarker for monitoring feline chronic enteropathies (FCE). Concentrations decreased significantly after treatment, correlating with clinical improvement and disease severity.

Keywords:
biomarkerdiet-responsivefelineimmunomodulationinflammationtherapeutic trial

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Feline chronic enteropathies (FCE) present diagnostic and monitoring challenges.
  • Non-invasive biomarkers are needed to assess treatment response and disease progression in FCE.
  • Fecal calprotectin is a potential marker for intestinal inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate fecal calprotectin concentrations in cats with FCE before and after treatment.
  • To assess the correlation between fecal calprotectin levels and clinical severity (FCEAI) and histopathological findings.
  • To determine the utility of fecal calprotectin as a surrogate biomarker for therapeutic monitoring in FCE.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal calprotectin was measured in 17 cats with FCE and 18 healthy controls.
  • Samples were collected before and after treatment (immunomodulation and/or dietary intervention).
  • Clinical severity was assessed using the Feline Chronic Enteropathy Activity Index (FCEAI); some cats underwent ultrasonography and biopsies.

Main Results:

  • Fecal calprotectin concentrations were significantly higher in FCE cats before treatment compared to post-treatment and controls.
  • Fecal calprotectin levels correlated with FCEAI scores and duodenal/proximal jejunal pathology.
  • Decreased fecal calprotectin levels were observed in cats with clinical improvement or remission.

Conclusions:

  • Fecal calprotectin is a valuable non-invasive biomarker for assessing disease severity and monitoring treatment response in feline chronic enteropathies.
  • Changes in fecal calprotectin reflect clinical improvement and correlate with pathological findings.
  • Further longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate fecal calprotectin in relation to mucosal healing and clinical response.