Dengue dynamics: Prognostic and disease monitoring through molecular and serological profiling of clinical isolates

Dengue fever is a mosquito-bome illness that affects millions of people worldwide every year. With no vaccination available, early detection and treatment are critical. It is found in 112 countries and poses a risk to travellers, particularly in metropolitan areas. Laboratory diagnoses vary according to objectives, resources, and schedule, with sensitivity and specificity must be balanced for effective testing.

The current study is a cross-sectional diagnostic study and samples from suspected patients of dengue was collected from May to November 2023 and transported to laboratory. RT-PCR and Dengue Duo Rapid test diagnosis techniques were used and total 48 clinical samples were included in this study.

A total of 48 clinical samples were collected. Blood was collected from the suspected cases of dengue and further subjected to different molecular and serological parameters. Serum was separated from all blood samples. RNA was isolated by silica column extraction method which is further utilized as a template for amplification and detection of dengue serotyping. Master Mix was prepared for the amplification and detection of dengue virus by Rotor-Gene Q Real-Time PCR Machine and further serological profiling of positive dengue cases was studied by conventional PCR.

Our laboratory effectively standardized an RT-PCR-based approach for molecular identification of dengue virus in clinical specimens. This adaptive technique, which uses numerous primer sets, displayed good specificity and sensitivity in serotype detection. The technology provides for quick and reliable identification of dengue virus infections, allowing for targeted treatment and preventative actions for successful disease management in highly populated regions.