Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

77
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
77
Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

60
Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable...
60
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

150
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
150
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

1.7K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
1.7K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neurodiversity-Affirming Principles in Oncology Treatment: A Lived-Experience Case Study.

Psycho-oncology·2026
Same author

Risk of hospitalization and death among autistic young people in England during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Molecular autism·2026
Same author

Baseline findings from the Longitudinal Outcomes of Gender Identity in Children (LOGIC) study.

The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science·2025
Same author

Gender Identity Profiles in Autistic and Non-Autistic Cisgender and Gender Diverse Youth, and Their Caregivers.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2025
Same author

Representations for face recognition: The 53rd Bartlett Lecture.

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)·2025
Same author

Behavioural phenotypes of autism in autistic and nonautistic gender clinic-referred youth and their caregivers.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice·2025
Same journal

Human thermal sensitivity drifts at extreme temperatures.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Dynamic competition between selective attention and spatial prediction during visual search.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Encapsulation of the visual perception of social events from semantic priming.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Biasmapping: Idiosyncratic covert search in the vicinity of fixation.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

What are you still waiting for? Fricative recognition shows encapsulated processing and is partially predicted by secondary cue reliance.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Eye movements reveal that drivers can predict the location of hazards in dynamic road scenes but gaze and awareness are dissociable.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.9K

First impressions from faces in dynamic approach-avoidance contexts.

Iliyana V Trifonova1, Cade McCall1, Matthew C Fysh2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of York.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|April 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First impressions are influenced by perceived movement. People rate avatars as more dominant when they approach, showing how dynamic social cues update our judgments.

More Related Videos

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.3K
Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
10:45

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions

Published on: July 6, 2011

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

3.9K
Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.3K
Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
10:45

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions

Published on: July 6, 2011

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • First impressions are crucial for social interactions.
  • Previous research relied on static images, neglecting the impact of movement.
  • Understanding how dynamic cues influence social attributions is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between perceived motion, apparent intent, and social attributions (dominance, trustworthiness).
  • To determine if dynamic social cues update first impressions beyond static judgments.
  • To explore how approach and avoidance behaviors influence perceptions of dominance and trustworthiness.

Main Methods:

  • Six experiments were conducted using static photos and dynamic avatars.
  • Participants rated avatars on dominance and trustworthiness based on their movement and apparent intent.
  • Movement conditions included approaching, avoiding, stationary, and backward motion.

Main Results:

  • Judgments of photos and avatars showed strong correspondence.
  • Avatars were perceived as more dominant and trustworthy when approaching the viewer.
  • Movement increased trustworthiness, while approach increased dominance, regardless of agency.

Conclusions:

  • First impressions are dynamically updated by perceived motion and intent.
  • Dominance judgments are closely linked to approach behaviors.
  • Social attributions depend on the immediate dynamic context more subtly than previously thought.