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JOINTLESS Maintains Inflorescence Meristem Identity in Tomato.

Samuel Huerga-Fernández1, Nathalie Detry1, Beata Orman-Ligeza1

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Physiology, InBioS-PhytoSYSTEMS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Chemin de la Vallée, 4, Liège B-4000, Belgium.

Plant & Cell Physiology
|April 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The JOINTLESS (J) gene in tomato controls inflorescence meristem identity and reproductive organ development. Loss of J function leads to vegetative growth in flowers, with effects varying based on SELF-PRUNING (SP) gene activity.

Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicumAbscissionBranchingFlower developmentInflorescenceTomato

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics and molecular biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) research

Background:

  • The JOINTLESS (J) gene, encoding a MADS-box protein, is crucial for flower pedicel abscission zone (AZ) formation.
  • Loss of J function results in vegetative leaf initiation within inflorescences, impacting meristem identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of JOINTLESS (J) in tomato inflorescence development.
  • To compare the effects of j mutations in determinate (sp) and indeterminate (SP) tomato accessions.
  • To elucidate the genetic interactions between J and SELF-PRUNING (SP) in regulating meristem fate.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of jointless (j) mutants in different tomato accessions (Ailsa Craig - indeterminate, Heinz - determinate).
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze gene expression in j mutants.
  • Examination of homeotic gene expression and effects of J overexpression.

Main Results:

  • The inflorescence phenotype of j mutants is more pronounced in indeterminate (SP) accessions.
  • Loss of J function in j mutants correlates with SELF-PRUNING (SP) expression, promoting conversion to sympodial shoot meristems.
  • Differential expression of vegetative meristem markers (APETALA2c) and branching genes (BRANCHED 1) observed in j mutants.
  • J represses B- and C-class homeotic genes; J overexpression leads to leafy calyx and impaired AZ formation.

Conclusions:

  • JOINTLESS (J) is a key determinant of tomato inflorescence meristem identity.
  • J acts by repressing vegetative shoot fate and influencing reproductive organ development.
  • Genetic interactions between J and SP modulate inflorescence architecture and meristem determinacy.