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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and its associated factors among students in N'Djamena, Chad

Nalda Debsikréo1,2, Birwé Léon Mankréo1, Azoukalné Moukénet1,3

  • 1Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.

Plos One
|April 18, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 14.87% of N'djamena university students. Key risk factors include an HBsAg-positive mother, medical procedures, and living with family, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant global public health challenge.
  • Chad exhibits a notable HBV prevalence of 12.4% across all age demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To ascertain the prevalence of HBV infection among university students in N'Djamena, Chad.
  • To identify factors associated with HBV infection within this student population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 457 students from July 3-23, 2021.
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was tested using rapid kits and confirmed with automated analyzers.
  • Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant associations.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of HBV infection among N'Djamena students was found to be 14.87%.
  • Significant risk factors included having an HBsAg-positive mother (AOR: 2.11), history of transcutaneous medical procedures (AOR: 2.97), and living with family (AOR: 4.63).
  • Age 26 years or older was identified as a protective factor (AOR: 0.41).

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a high HBV prevalence of 14.87% in N'Djamena's university student population.
  • Recommendations include enhanced student awareness campaigns, mandatory hepatitis B vaccination prior to schooling, widespread screening, and reduced vaccination costs.
Abstract

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