Iliac Vein Stenting and Thrombectomy Result in Limb Salvage in Phlegmasia Caerulea Dolens as a Result of Heavy...

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Hematology
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is a rare but severe complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
• It results from extensive venous outflow obstruction, leading to limb ischemia and potential gangrene.
• High morbidity and mortality rates underscore the urgency of effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and current treatment strategies for phlegmasia cerulea dolens.
• To highlight the critical nature of early diagnosis and intervention in managing this condition.
• To provide an overview of limited treatment options and their indications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of phlegmasia cerulea dolens.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations.
• Evaluation of therapeutic interventions including anticoagulation, fluid resuscitation, thrombectomy, and thrombolysis.

Main Results:

• PCD is characterized by severe pain, edema, cyanosis, and critical limb ischemia.
• Early and aggressive anticoagulation and fluid resuscitation are the primary treatments.
• Thrombectomy or thrombolysis are considered for patients not improving within 6-12 hours.

Conclusions:

• Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is a limb-threatening emergency requiring prompt medical attention.
• Aggressive initial management with anticoagulation and fluids is essential.
• Surgical or thrombolytic intervention may be necessary in refractory cases to prevent limb loss.