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Persistent and symptomatic periodic breathing beyond the neonatal period in full-term infants: A case series

Océane Cheyrou-Lagrèze1, Eglantine Hullo2, Jessica Taytard3

  • 1Service de Pneumologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Service de Pédiatrie générale, CHU de la Réunion, Site Sud, Saint-Pierre, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|April 18, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Persistent periodic breathing (PB) in term infants after one month is often linked to obstructive and central sleep apnea syndromes, and gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Most infants improve within their first year.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Periodic breathing (PB) is common in newborns but typically resolves within months.
  • Persistent PB beyond the neonatal period is less understood.
  • This study investigates term infants with persistent PB after one month of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize term infants experiencing persistent periodic breathing (PB) beyond one month of life.
  • To analyze polysomnography (PSG) findings in these infants.
  • To identify associated conditions and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 10 term infants with persistent PB symptoms.
  • Polysomnography (PSG) was used to define and quantify PB.
  • Infants were assessed for obstructive and central apnea indices, and gastroesophageal reflux (GER).

Main Results:

  • Persistent PB was observed in 18.1% of total sleep time (TST) before 3 months and 4.7% between 3-6 months.
  • Most infants (9/10) had an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index >10/h; 5/10 had a central apnea index >5/h.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) was suspected in 80% of cases; all infants improved symptomatically within a year.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent, symptomatic PB after one month in term infants is associated with obstructive and/or central sleep apnea syndromes.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common comorbidity.
  • These infants generally show symptom improvement within the first year of life.
Abstract

Keywords:
Central sleep apneaFull-term infantsInfantObstructive sleep apneaPeriodic breathingPolysomnography

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