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Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

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Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
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Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

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Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
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The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

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The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
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Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics
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Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics

Published on: March 15, 2024

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Programmed cell death in autoimmune diseases: ferroptosis.

Jiantao Sun1, Lujuan Huang1, Jiawei Wang1

  • 1Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Haining Kanghua Hospital, No. 2299, Jiangnan Avenue, Jiaxing, China.

Annales De Biologie Clinique
|April 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is increasingly linked to autoimmune diseases. Targeting this process offers a promising new therapeutic strategy for conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Keywords:
ankylosing spondylitisautoimmune diseasesferroptosismultiple sclerosisrheumatoid arthritissystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death pathway crucial in various diseases, including autoimmune disorders.
  • Autoimmune diseases involve immune system dysregulation and chronic inflammation.
  • Emerging evidence highlights ferroptosis's significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions.

Approach:

  • This review summarizes the core mechanisms of ferroptosis.
  • It examines the connection between ferroptosis and specific autoimmune diseases like SLE, RA, MS, and AS.
  • The review explores targeting ferroptosis as a novel therapeutic avenue.

Key Points:

  • Ferroptosis, driven by lipid peroxidation, is implicated in cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Autoimmune diseases are characterized by loss of immune tolerance and inflammation.
  • Ferroptosis is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the development of autoimmune diseases.
  • Specific autoimmune conditions discussed include systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Conclusions:

  • Ferroptosis is a critical mediator in the progression of multiple autoimmune diseases.
  • Modulating ferroptosis presents a potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disease management.
  • Further research into ferroptosis inhibitors could lead to innovative treatments for patients with autoimmune disorders.