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In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...

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Microflow sensing and control using an in-channel birefringent biomembrane.

Nan Jia1, Tianyang Deng1, Charles Larouche2

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This study introduces a new, low-cost microfluidic flow meter using chitosan biomembranes. This passive sensor offers precise flow rate measurement for controlling pumps, demonstrating potential for improved system stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microfluidics
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices require accurate flow rate monitoring for precise control.
  • Existing flow meters can be expensive or complex.
  • Chitosan biomembranes offer unique optical properties suitable for sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel, passive, low-cost microfluidic flow meter.
  • To evaluate the performance of birefringent chitosan biomembranes as flow sensors.
  • To demonstrate the application of this sensor in a closed-loop control system.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfluidic devices incorporating birefringent chitosan biomembranes.
  • Analysis of membrane optical properties using polarized microscopy under dynamic flow conditions.
  • Integration of the sensor with a commercial pressure-driven pump and a PID controller.

Main Results:

  • The flow meter demonstrated a linear operating range from 0 to 65 μL min⁻¹.
  • Achieved a minimum response time of 250 ms and sensitivity of 2.03% × 10⁻³ μL⁻¹ min.
  • Successfully implemented in a closed-loop system, reaching steady-state in under 15 seconds.

Conclusions:

  • Birefringent chitosan biomembranes represent a viable, low-cost material for microfluidic flow sensing.
  • The developed sensor enables stable closed-loop control of microfluidic systems.
  • Further optimization may lead to even faster sensor response times.