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Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
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Severe pulmonary hypertension and circulatory failure associated with Congenital syphilis. Case report

M Sanchez-Holgado1, M C Bravo1, P Alvarez-Garcia1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
|April 19, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Congenital syphilis, a growing public health concern, can cause severe respiratory and circulatory issues in newborns. Early hemodynamic assessment using neonatologist-performed echocardiography is crucial for managing these critical cases.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Congenital syphilis, a vertical transmission of Treponema pallidum, is increasing despite preventive measures.
  • While often asymptomatic, some infants present with severe neonatal disease, including respiratory failure and hemodynamic instability.
  • This highlights the need for heightened awareness and advanced diagnostic approaches in affected newborns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical course of two late preterm infants with congenital syphilis.
  • To detail the use of integrated hemodynamic evaluation, including neonatologist-performed echocardiography (NPE).
  • To illustrate the therapeutic management of severe congenital syphilis complications.

Main Methods:

  • Case series focusing on two late preterm infants diagnosed with congenital syphilis.
  • Utilized comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation.
  • Employed early and serial functional echocardiography performed by neonatologists (NPE).

Main Results:

  • Both infants experienced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and circulatory collapse shortly after birth.
  • Integrated hemodynamic assessment guided therapeutic interventions.
  • NPE provided critical insights into the complex pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital syphilis can lead to severe cardiorespiratory compromise in neonates.
  • Comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation, particularly serial NPE, is essential for understanding pathophysiology.
  • Timely and accurate echocardiographic assessment aids in establishing effective treatment strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular failurecase reportcongenital syphilishypoxemic respiratory failurepulmonary hypertensiontreponema pallidum

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