Automated detection of myocardial infarction based on an improved state refinement module for LSTM/GRU

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease caused by the blockages of coronary arteries. The visual inspection of electrocardiogram (ECG) is the main diagnosis pattern, while it is taxing and time-consuming. Motivated from state refinement module for long short term memory (SRM-LSTM), we proposed two improved state refinement frameworks based on LSTM and gated recurrent unit (GRU) called ISRM-LSTM and ISRM-GRU. Both are capable of adaptively refining current states of sample points in ECG with a message passing mechanism than existing LSTM. To evaluate the validity, both are installed into convolutional network architecture and standard LSTM, GRU and Residual networks are employed as control groups across the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt database. Empirical results confirm noticeable performance improvements than control groups and several existing algorithms with an accuracy of 99.1%. To our knowledge, both modules are the first attempt to consider the interaction characteristics into deep network and improve interpretability exhibiting considerable potentials on lightweight devices thanks to only utilization of three channel ECGs.