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The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Microtubules are the thickest cytoskeletal filaments with a diameter of 25 nm. In prokaryotic organisms, microtubules are commonly found in locomotory appendages like cilia and flagella. In eukaryotic cells, microtubules form specialized extensions for moving fluid over the surface, like those found in cells lining the intestine.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends
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The emerging tools for precisely manipulating microtubules.

Yen-Ling Lian1, Yu-Chun Lin2

  • 1Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|April 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explore microtubule subtypes using novel tools to understand cellular architecture and disease. This review details methods for manipulating microtubule dynamics and post-translational modifications for therapeutic insights.

Keywords:
CCP5CIBNChemogeneticsCry2EB1FKBPFRBKataninLOVMicrotubuleMicrotubule-targeting agentOptogeneticsPost-translational modificationsSpastinSspBiLID

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Microtubules form a diverse network crucial for cellular functions.
  • Distinct tubulin isotypes and post-translational modifications create microtubule heterogeneity.
  • Dysfunctional microtubule networks are linked to various human disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how different microtubule subtypes regulate cellular architecture and activities.
  • To review emerging tools for spatiotemporal manipulation of microtubule subtypes.
  • To provide a roadmap for understanding microtubule dynamics and post-translational modifications.

Main Methods:

  • Photosensitive pharmaceuticals
  • Chemogenetics
  • Optogenetics
  • Spatiotemporal manipulation of microtubule structures, dynamics, and post-translational modifications

Main Results:

  • Emerging tools allow precise control over specific microtubule subtypes.
  • These tools enable investigation into the roles of microtubule heterogeneity in cellular processes.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can reveal new therapeutic intervention strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Novel tools offer unprecedented control over microtubule subtypes.
  • Further research using these methods will elucidate microtubule functions in cellular architecture and disease.
  • This work paves the way for targeted therapeutic interventions for microtubule-related disorders.