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The role and impact of viruses on cancer development

Adolfo Contreras1, Sandra Amaya Sánchez2, Carolina Rodríguez-Medina3

  • 1Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Periodontology 2000
|April 20, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Oncoviruses cause 20% of human cancers globally through mechanisms like cellular transformation and inflammation. Research explores SARS-CoV-2

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Oncoviruses are a significant global health concern, responsible for a substantial portion of human cancers.
  • Understanding the mechanisms by which these viruses contribute to cancer is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the geographic distribution and prevalence of major oncoviruses.
  • To elucidate the carcinogenic mechanisms employed by oncogenic viruses.
  • To explore the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 in reactivating latent oncoviruses and its implications for cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on oncoviruses and cancer.
  • Analysis of data on the global distribution and incidence of virus-associated cancers.
  • Examination of molecular and cellular pathways involved in viral oncogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Seven oncoviruses are responsible for approximately 20% of all human cancers worldwide.
  • Oncogenic viruses induce cancer through mechanisms including cellular transformation, promotion of angiogenesis, and induction of inflammation.
  • The potential for SARS-CoV-2 to reactivate latent oncoviruses presents a novel area of concern for cancer risk.

Conclusions:

  • Oncovirus vaccines represent a promising strategy for reducing the global cancer burden.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the interplay of host and environmental factors in oncovirus-driven cancer development and prevention.
Keywords:
Epstein–Barr virushepatitis Bhepatitis Concogenic mechanismsoncovirusespapillomavirus

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