Initial handgrip strength as a predictive factor for amputation risk in diabetic foot patients

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Vascular Surgery
• Diabetology

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes is a leading cause of lower extremity amputation.
• Predictive markers for amputation risk in diabetic patients are crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prognostic value of handgrip strength in predicting lower extremity amputation.
• To assess handgrip strength as an independent risk factor for amputation in type 2 diabetes patients at one-year follow-up.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 526 patients with type 2 diabetes was evaluated.
• Handgrip strength was measured using a digital dynamometer; low strength defined for men (<27 kg) and women (<16 kg).
• Data on demographics, laboratory results, and amputation history were collected; outcome was major/minor lower extremity amputation.

Main Results:

• Of 205 patients with complete data, 37% underwent lower extremity amputation.
• Low handgrip strength was associated with an increased risk of amputation (Odds Ratio 2.17; 95% CI: 1.09-4.32).
• This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders like age, gender, and peripheral artery disease.

Conclusions:

• Low handgrip strength is an independent prognostic marker for lower limb amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
• This simple assessment can aid in identifying high-risk individuals for preventative strategies.