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Forensic Gender Prediction by Using Mandibular Morphometric Indices: A Panoramic Radiograph Study.

Abirami Arthanari1, Shanmathy Sureshbabu1, Karthikeyan Ramalingam2

  • 1Department of Forensic Odontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.

Cureus
|April 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

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This study found that the antegonial angle, not the gonial angle, is a statistically significant indicator for estimating gender from mandible radiographs. This method aids in forensic identification when other remains are unavailable.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Craniometry
  • Human Osteology

Background:

  • The mandible exhibits sexual dimorphism, making it crucial for sex determination in forensic and anthropological contexts.
  • Accurate sex estimation from skeletal remains is vital, especially in mass disaster scenarios or with fragmented remains.
  • Craniofacial landmarks, like mandibular angles, are studied for their potential in identifying sex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of gender estimation using gonial and antegonial angles from panoramic radiographs.
  • To determine the efficacy of these mandibular angles as reliable indicators for sex determination.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 500 panoramic radiographs (250 male, 250 female) aged 20-30 years.
  • Measurements of gonial and antegonial angles using Planmeca software.
Keywords:
antegonial anglegonial anglemandibular metricsmandibular parameterssex determination

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  • Statistical analysis including paired t-tests performed using SPSS.

    • Main Results:

    • Gonial angle values showed no statistical significance between sexes (p=0.679).
    • Antegonial angle demonstrated statistical significance for gender determination in both males (p=0.008) and females (p=0.001).
    • Specific mean values: Gonial angle (Males: 127.27±5.29, Females: 127.08±5.18), Antegonial angle (Males: 10.74±3.14, Females: 10.67±3.30).

    Conclusions:

    • The antegonial angle is a statistically significant parameter for gender estimation from mandibular radiographs.
    • The gonial angle did not prove to be a reliable indicator for sex determination in this study.
    • Antegonial angle measurement offers a valuable tool for forensic sex assessment.