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Analgesia and Pain Management

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities

Published on: July 29, 2014

Mouse Anesthesia and Analgesia.

Kenzie Schwartz¹, Cholawat Pacharinsak¹

¹Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Current Protocols

|April 22, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This guide details anesthesia and analgesia administration for laboratory mice, covering injectable and inhalant methods, pain assessment, and post-operative care to ensure animal welfare and ethical research practices.

Keywords:

analgesia anesthesia mouse multimodal analgesia pain post‐operative care rodent

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Area of Science:

Laboratory Animal Science
Veterinary Anesthesiology
Research Ethics

Background:

Anesthesia and analgesia are essential for invasive procedures, imaging, and pain management in laboratory mice.
Proper administration is critical for animal welfare, humane treatment, and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocols.
Investigator guidance is needed for consistent and effective anesthesia and analgesia practices.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide technical guidance on anesthesia and analgesia for mouse models.
To outline best practices for injectable and inhalant anesthesia administration.
To detail pain recognition, preventative analgesia, and post-operative care.

Main Methods:

Describes injectable anesthesia protocols for mouse subjects.
Details inhalant anesthesia techniques for laboratory mice.
Outlines methods for assessing pain and monitoring anesthesia.

Main Results:

Provides comprehensive technical guidance for administering anesthesia and analgesia.
Offers insights into recognizing pain and implementing preventative measures.
Includes considerations for post-operative care and animal welfare.

Conclusions:

Effective anesthesia and analgesia are paramount for ethical and successful mouse research.
This guidance supports investigators in meeting animal welfare standards and protocol requirements.
Standardized protocols enhance procedural success and the humane treatment of research animals.