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The development and validation of a Multidimensional Perceived Work Ability Scale.

Gemma S McCarthy1, Donald M Truxillo1, Deirdre E O'Shea1

  • 1Department of Work and Employment Studies, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick.

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology
|April 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces the Multidimensional Perceived Work Ability Scale (M-PWAS), a new tool measuring physical, cognitive, interpersonal, and emotional aspects of work ability. The M-PWAS offers a more comprehensive assessment than previous unidimensional measures.

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Science
  • Occupational Health Psychology

Background:

  • Perceived Work Ability (PWA) is crucial for predicting work, individual, and labor force outcomes.
  • Existing PWA measures are unidimensional, potentially limiting their explanatory power.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a multidimensional conceptualization of Perceived Work Ability.
  • To develop and establish the reliability and validity of the Multidimensional Perceived Work Ability Scale (M-PWAS).

Main Methods:

  • Developed the M-PWAS with four dimensions: physical, cognitive, interpersonal, and emotional.
  • Validated the scale across four samples (N = 1,152) using Hinkin's (1998) approach.
  • Assessed content, internal consistency, factorial, convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity.

Main Results:

  • The M-PWAS demonstrated strong evidence for reliability and validity across all dimensions.
  • The multidimensional approach showed incremental validity over unidimensional PWA measures.
  • M-PWAS predicted perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, and turnover more effectively.

Conclusions:

  • The M-PWAS provides a more nuanced and comprehensive measure of Perceived Work Ability.
  • Findings support a multidimensional view of PWA in organizational science.
  • The M-PWAS has significant implications for theory, research, and workplace interventions.