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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

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The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
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Collective Spin-Wave Dynamics in Gyroid Ferromagnetic Nanostructures.

Mateusz Gołębiewski1, Riccardo Hertel2, Massimiliano d'Aquino3

  • 1Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores spin waves in 3D magnetic gyroids, revealing localized excitations and field-dependent responses. These findings pave the way for 3D magnonic metamaterials and radio frequency filters.

Keywords:
3D nanostructuresferromagnetic resonancegyroidsmagnonicsmicromagnetic simulationsspin-wave modes

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Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Magnonics traditionally focuses on planar systems.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures offer new possibilities for magnonic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spin wave dynamics in 3D magnetic gyroid nanostructures.
  • To explore the potential of gyroids as metamaterials for signal processing.

Main Methods:

  • Micromagnetic simulations were employed to model spin wave behavior.
  • Ferromagnetic resonance measurements were used to experimentally validate simulation results.

Main Results:

  • Collective spin wave excitations were found to localize within the gyroid network.
  • The gyroid's ferromagnetic response demonstrated sensitivity to static magnetic field orientation, linked to crystallographic alignment.
  • Multidomain gyroid films exhibit properties of magnonic materials with effective magnetization dependent on filling factor.

Conclusions:

  • 3D magnetic gyroids possess unique spin wave dynamics.
  • Gyroid nanostructures show promise for applications in 3D magnonics, spintronics, and radio frequency filters.