MRI Accurately Visualizes RF Ablation Delivery Targeted to MRI-Defined Arrhythmia Substrates in the Left Ventricle

Abstract

Insights

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can effectively assess radiofrequency (RF) ablation efficacy. MRI visualization accurately reflects RF lesion patterns in cardiac tissue, aiding in evaluating ablation success for arrhythmia substrates.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Medical Device Technology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is a key treatment for cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Assessing the efficacy of RF lesions in real-time, especially within complex substrates, remains a challenge.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers high-resolution anatomical visualization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the capability of MRI to evaluate the effectiveness of RF ablations.
  • To determine if MRI can assess ablations targeting MRI-defined arrhythmogenic substrates.
  • To correlate MRI-based lesion assessment with electroanatomic mapping data.

Main Methods:

  • A swine model with chronic myocardial infarction was used (N=8).
  • Baseline 3 Tesla (3T) MRI with 3D Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) identified scar and heterogeneous tissue channels (HTCs).
  • Animals underwent CARTO3 electroanatomic mapping and left ventricle ablation guided by MRI scar maps. Post-ablation MRI visualized RF lesions using T1-weighted imaging, compared against excised tissue and CARTO ablation tags.

Main Results:

  • RF lesions were clearly visualized by MRI in HTCs, scar, and myocardium.
  • MRI-detected ablation patterns closely matched CARTO3 delivery patterns with high sensitivity (88.9%) and specificity (94.7%).
  • Registered MR-EP data showed minimal displacement (5.4 ±3.8 mm) between MRI lesions and ablation tags.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating MRI for RF lesion assessment during ablative procedures is feasible.
  • MRI visualization accurately reflects RF lesion patterns in various cardiac tissue types, including healthy myocardium, scar, and HTCs.
  • MRI provides a near-immediate assessment of ablation efficacy for critical ventricular tachycardia substrates.