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Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds for Asthma Control Classification in Children with Moderate to Severe Asthma:

Shahriyar Shahbazi Khamas1,2,3,4, Yoni Van Dijk1,2,3,4, Mahmoud I Abdel-Aziz1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine and.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|April 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Analyzing exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can help identify children with uncontrolled asthma. This method shows promise for developing new diagnostic tools for pediatric asthma management.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Early identification of poorly controlled asthma in children is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an emerging area for identifying biomarkers in pediatric asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based exhaled metabolite analysis in distinguishing controlled from uncontrolled pediatric asthma.
  • To assess the potential of VOCs to predict future severe asthma attacks in children.

Main Methods:

  • Employed discovery (SysPharmPediA) and validation (U-BIOPRED, PANDA) phases for exhaled VOC analysis.
  • Identified discriminating VOCs and validated findings in independent pediatric asthma cohorts.
  • Classified asthma control based on test scores and severe attack history; evaluated VOCs for predicting future attacks.

Main Results:

  • Three VOCs (acetophenone, ethylbenzene, styrene) differentiated between controlled and uncontrolled asthma in the discovery phase.
  • Achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCCs) of 0.83 (training) and 0.77 (test) for distinguishing asthma control.
  • Validated VOC combinations showed AUROCCs of 0.74 (U-BIOPRED) and 0.68 (PANDA); attack prediction yielded AUROCCs of 0.71 in both training and test sets.

Conclusions:

  • Exhaled metabolite analysis shows potential for classifying asthma control in pediatric populations.
  • This approach could drive the development of point-of-care tests for asthma management.
  • Further research into exhaled VOCs may lead to improved diagnostic and prognostic tools for childhood asthma.

Keywords:
asthmabiomarkersbreath testsgas chromatography–mass spectrometryvolatile organic compounds

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