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Severe adenovirus infection outbreak in Colombia: Experience from a tertiary pediatric hospital in 2022

Natalia Vélez-Tirado1, Lina Castaño-Jaramillo1, Sonia Restrepo-Gualteros2

  • 1Departamento de Inmunología Pediátrica, Fundación Hospital Pediátrico La Misericordia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.

Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional De Salud
|April 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Severe adenovirus infections surged in Colombian children under five in 2022, causing a concerning outbreak. This study highlights increased pediatric intensive care unit admissions and mortality rates following eased public health restrictions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic altered respiratory virus circulation patterns globally.
  • Post-pandemic periods saw unusual outbreaks of common viruses.
  • Concerns arose regarding immune debt in young children due to reduced pathogen exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize severe adenovirus infections in pediatric patients in Colombia.
  • To investigate the clinical presentation and outcomes of adenovirus cases.
  • To assess the impact of eased public health measures on pediatric adenovirus outbreaks.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 227 patients with severe adenovirus infection.
  • Data collected from Fundación Hospital Pediátrico La Misericordia.
  • Analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes for 196 patients.

Main Results:

  • Adenovirus was confirmed in all analyzed patient samples.
  • The median age of affected children was two years, with 62% males.
  • 97% required pediatric intensive care unit admission, 94% needed respiratory support, and 11% in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

  • 2022 witnessed a significant outbreak of severe adenovirus infections in young children (<5 years).
  • This outbreak exhibited higher-than-usual mortality rates.
  • Findings suggest a link between eased public health restrictions and increased adenovirus severity in pediatric populations.

Keywords:
Adenoviridae infectionspediatricsrespiratory insufficiencyshockAnxietycaregiverfamilyintensive care unitpatient visitspolicieschild

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