Audiometry Interpretation for Hearing Loss in Adults.
Mandi Sehgal1, Alexandra Sellers2, Wendy S Biggs3
1Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida; Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida.
American Family Physician
|April 22, 2024
Summary
Hearing loss is common and often undertreated, impacting emotional, cognitive, and social well-being. Early detection through audiometry and counseling on hearing protection are crucial for managing this chronic condition.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Otolaryngology
- Primary Care Medicine
Background:
- Hearing loss is a prevalent, chronic condition in the US, often gradual and progressive.
- It is underreported and undertreated, leading to negative emotional, cognitive, economic, and social consequences.
- Impaired hearing can also pose a safety risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the prevalence and impact of hearing loss.
- To discuss methods for identifying and evaluating hearing loss.
- To emphasize the role of physicians in addressing hearing impairment.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing questionnaires and smartphone apps for self-perceived hearing loss assessment.
- Physician assessment for objective hearing impairment when concerns arise or cognitive/mood symptoms are present.
- Employing pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, speech-reception thresholds, and word-recognition testing for accurate detection.
Main Results:
- Three types of hearing loss exist: conductive, sensorineural, and mixed.
- Pure-tone audiometry is the most accurate detection method.
- Unilateral or asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss may indicate retrocochlear pathology requiring further evaluation.
Conclusions:
- Family physicians should counsel patients on hearing protection.
- Over-the-counter hearing aids may benefit mild to moderate hearing loss.
- Medicare coverage for hearing aids varies by plan.
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