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Auditory brainstem response audiometry in neonatal hydrocephalus.

C G Edwards, A Durieux-Smith, T W Picton

    The Journal of Otolaryngology. Supplement
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hydrocephalic infants in the NICU showed abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABR), indicating potential neurological issues. These findings suggest ABR can help identify hearing abnormalities in vulnerable newborns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal neurology
    • Auditory neurophysiology
    • Neurodevelopmental disorders

    Background:

    • Hydrocephalus is a common condition in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants.
    • Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a key diagnostic tool for assessing hearing function in newborns.
    • Understanding auditory pathway integrity in hydrocephalic neonates is crucial for early intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare auditory brainstem response (ABR) characteristics between hydrocephalic and non-hydrocephalic NICU infants.
    • To identify specific ABR abnormalities associated with hydrocephalus in neonates.
    • To explore the potential link between ABR findings and underlying neurological conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) was performed on 16 hydrocephalic and 16 non-hydrocephalic NICU infants.

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  • Key ABR parameters including wave I and V latency and amplitude were measured and compared.
  • The I-V latency interval and V/I amplitude ratio were analyzed between the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrocephalic infants exhibited significantly longer latencies and smaller amplitudes for waves I and V compared to controls.
    • The V/I amplitude ratio was significantly reduced in the hydrocephalic group.
    • Abnormal ABR amplitudes were observed in 11 hydrocephalic infants, with most showing elevated ABR thresholds, suggesting a neurological basis rather than peripheral hearing loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrocephalus in NICU infants is associated with significant auditory brainstem response (ABR) abnormalities.
    • Reduced wave V amplitude and elevated ABR thresholds are prominent findings in hydrocephalic neonates.
    • These ABR alterations may indicate central auditory pathway dysfunction secondary to hydrocephalus, warranting further neurological investigation.