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Role of Hippocampus in Memory

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 14, 2019

Hippocampus diffusivity abnormalities in classical trigeminal neuralgia.

Shaun Andrew Hanycz^1,2,3, Alborz Noorani^2,3,4, Peter Shih-Ping Hung^2,3

¹Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

|April 24, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is linked to microstructural hippocampal changes, impacting memory and attention. These findings in chronic pain patients may guide future cognitive symptom treatments.

Keywords:

Diffusion tensor imaging Hippocampus Neuropathic pain Sex differences Trigeminal neuralgia

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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Published on: August 14, 2019

Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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Published on: November 19, 2012

Acute Mouse Brain Slicing to Investigate Spontaneous Hippocampal Network Activity

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Published on: August 28, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Medical Imaging

Background:

Chronic pain, like trigeminal neuralgia (TN), often causes cognitive issues affecting memory and attention.
The hippocampus is crucial for these cognitive functions, and TN offers a unique model to study chronic pain's hippocampal effects.
Previous research indicated macrostructural hippocampal changes in TN patients, but microstructural alterations remain under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate hippocampal microstructure using diffusion metrics in TN patients.
To analyze diffusivity in the hippocampus and its subfields in individuals with TN.

Main Methods:

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine hippocampal microstructure in 31 TN patients and 21 controls.
Magnetic resonance images were processed to segment hippocampal subfields and analyze fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity.

Main Results:

TN patients showed reduced FA in bilateral hippocampi, including specific subregions (CA2/3, CA4), indicating microstructural abnormalities.
A significant correlation between age and hippocampal FA was observed in TN patients, but not in controls.
These microstructural changes were predominantly observed in female TN patients.

Conclusions:

Trigeminal neuralgia is associated with hippocampal microstructural abnormalities.
These microstructural changes may precede or coincide with previously observed volumetric alterations.
The findings highlight the hippocampus's role in chronic pain and suggest potential targets for cognitive symptom interventions.