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Vaccinations01:51

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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  11. Landscape Review Of Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance Activities For Covid-19 Vaccines Globally.

Landscape review of active vaccine safety surveillance activities for COVID-19 vaccines globally.

Parisa A ShamaeiZadeh1,2, Carmen Villamizar Jaimes1, Maria Deloria Knoll1

  • 1International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Vaccine: X
|April 24, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) shows gaps, with most activities using cohort event monitoring. Investment is needed to build capacity for robust safety evidence generation and inform policy.

Area of Science:

  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Global COVID-19 vaccine safety evidence relied on existing infrastructure, despite known disparities between high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Shortened development timelines and emergency use authorizations necessitated robust post-licensure safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the global landscape of COVID-19 vaccine active surveillance system (AVSS) activities.
  • To identify deficiencies in safety evidence generation for various vaccine products and populations, with a specific focus on LMICs.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey of AVSS activities assessing adverse events following immunization (AEFI) was conducted in January 2022.
  • A supplementary literature review of COVID-19 vaccine safety studies published in PubMed through January 2023 was performed, including observational studies on AEFI and adverse events of special interest (AESI).
Keywords:
Active surveillance systemCOVID-19SafetyVaccine

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  • Exclusions included systematic reviews, benefit/risk assessments, clinical trials, and case reports/series.

    • Main Results:

    • The survey identified 79 monitoring activities in HICs and 24 in LMICs. Most LMIC activities involved planned cohort event monitoring (CEM) studies.
    • A literature review of 379 eligible studies predominantly focused on vaccines used in HICs (e.g., Pfizer, Moderna).
    • Only 14 studies assessed vaccines exclusively used in LMICs, highlighting a significant gap in safety data for these populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Limited availability of robust safety evidence for COVID-19 vaccines used primarily in LMICs is likely due to the predominant use of CEM methods.
    • Equitable vaccine access necessitates parallel investment in infrastructure and capacity building for safety evidence generation in LMICs.
    • Enhanced safety monitoring in LMICs is crucial for informing local policy and regulatory decisions.