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Over-the-counter access to hormonal contraception: a global perspective
Alana K Otto1, David A Klein2,3, May Lau4
1Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan.
Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|April 24, 2024
Summary
Over-the-counter progestin-only pills are safe and effective for adolescents. Increased access to these contraceptives can improve reproductive health, though cost remains a barrier.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Adolescent Medicine
- Contraception
Background:
- Oral contraceptive pills are widely used globally, including by adolescents.
- Prescription requirements can hinder access to oral contraceptives, especially for young individuals.
- Recent approvals of over-the-counter (OTC) progestin-only pills in the UK and US have increased attention on this issue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the safety and effectiveness of progestin-only pills (POPs) for adolescent use.
- To examine the implications of OTC availability for contraceptive access among adolescents.
- To identify potential barriers and future research needs regarding OTC contraceptives.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on progestin-only pills.
- Analysis of safety data for OTC progestin-only pills, including norgestrel.
- Examination of user satisfaction and access barriers related to OTC oral contraceptives.
Main Results:
- Progestin-only pills are highly effective and safe for adolescent use without a prescription or medical monitoring.
- These pills demonstrate high user satisfaction.
- While OTC availability can improve access, insurance coverage and out-of-pocket costs may persist as significant barriers.
Conclusions:
- OTC oral contraceptives are a suitable and vital option for many adolescents.
- OTC availability has the potential to enhance access to safe and effective contraception in countries requiring prescriptions.
- Further research on adolescent usage patterns and policy advocacy for access and affordability are crucial.
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