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Operational Definitions of Poly-Victimization: A Scoping Review
Christin M Ogle1,2, Caroline Harmon-Darrow3, Lisa Fedina4
1Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|April 24, 2024
Summary
Poly-victimization (PV) research has expanded, highlighting its association with numerous adverse outcomes. Further research is needed to identify specific risk factors and protective strategies for individuals experiencing multiple forms of victimization.
Area of Science:
- Criminology and Victimology
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Research on poly-victimization (PV) has broadened in scope over two decades, encompassing diverse victimization types, timeframes, and populations.
- Increased clarity on the definition and measurement of PV is crucial for understanding its risk and protective factors and associated outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify operational definitions and measurement approaches for poly-victimization (PV) across existing studies.
- To synthesize empirical findings on risk factors and outcomes linked to poly-victimization (PV).
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across 12 databases for peer-reviewed research published before 2022.
- 98 studies meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed, synthesizing characteristics such as research design, sample, timeframe, PV definition, measurement, and findings.
- Study characteristics including research design, sample type, victimization timeframe, operational definition(s) of PV, measurement of PV, analytic methods, and key findings were synthesized across studies.
Main Results:
- The majority of reviewed studies employed cross-sectional designs and categorical measures of lifetime poly-victimization (PV) in youth samples.
- Poly-victimization (PV) is consistently associated with a wide array of predictors, including mental health issues and family/community factors.
- Poly-victimization (PV) is linked to adverse outcomes such as depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance use, and delinquency across diverse populations.
Conclusions:
- Poly-victimization (PV) is a significant issue with broad-reaching adverse consequences.
- Future research should focus on conditional effects of PV to identify at-risk subgroups and modifiable intervention targets.
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