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Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
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Related Experiment Video

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High-resolution In Vivo Manual Segmentation Protocol for Human Hippocampal Subfields Using 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Hippocampal subfields in remitted schizophrenia.

Ying-Jay Liou1,2, Mu-N Liu1,2, Kai-Chun Yang1,2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
|April 24, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia patients show reduced hippocampal volumes, particularly in the tail. These brain changes are linked to symptom remission and may serve as biomarkers for the disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Inconsistent evidence exists regarding hippocampal subregion volume changes in schizophrenia.
  • Few studies have explored the link between hippocampal volumes and symptom remission in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate regional hippocampal volume differences in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls.
  • To examine the relationship between hippocampal volumes and symptomatic remission in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study with 31 schizophrenia patients and 31 healthy controls.
  • Manual and automatic techniques used to measure hippocampal subregion and subfield volumes.
  • Multivariate and univariate analyses of covariance employed for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients exhibited smaller bilateral hippocampal heads and tails longitudinally.
  • Reduced volumes were observed in multiple transverse hippocampal subfields (e.g., CA1, CA3, CA4) in patients.
  • Nonremitted schizophrenia patients had smaller bilateral hippocampal tail subfields compared to remitted patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia pathophysiology and symptom remission are associated with hippocampal subdivision volume alterations.
  • These hippocampal volume changes may hold clinical relevance as biomarkers for schizophrenia identification and treatment.