Coffee Cell Suspensions as a Platform for Transient Gene Expression Analysis

Coffea arabica L. is a crucial crop globally, but its genetic homogeneity leads to its susceptibility to diseases and pests like the coffee berry borer (CBB). Chemical and cultural control methods are difficult due to the majority of the CBB life cycle taking place inside coffee beans. One potential solution is the use of the gene cyt1Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis as a biological insecticide. To validate candidate genes against CBB, a simple, rapid, and efficient transient expression system is necessary. This study uses cell suspensions as a platform for expressing the cyt1Aa gene in the coffee genome (C. arabica L. var. Catuaí) to control CBB. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101::pMP90 containing the bar and cyt1Aa genes are used to genetically transform embryogenic cell suspensions. PCR amplification of the cyt1Aa gene is observed 2, 5, and 7 weeks after infection. This chapter describes a protocol that can be used for the development of resistant varieties against biotic and abiotic stresses and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing.