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Related Concept Videos

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

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Use of Respiratory and Contact Precautions to Decrease the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Was Not Associated with a

Jacqueline Roig1,2, Chelsea A DeBolt1, Mariela Cabrera1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

American Journal of Perinatology
|April 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pandemic infection control precautions, including masking and patient restrictions, did not significantly alter the risk of endometritis/intra-amniotic infection (IAI). The study found no association between these new protocols and the incidence of IAI during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated enhanced infection control measures in healthcare settings, including obstetric services.
  • These measures involved stringent protocols for both patients and healthcare staff to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
  • The potential impact of these precautions on other obstetric complications, such as endometritis/intra-amniotic infection (IAI), required investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate whether the implementation of additional contact and respiratory precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic affected the incidence of endometritis/intra-amniotic infection (IAI) on an obstetric service.
  • To compare the rates of IAI between a pandemic period and a historical prepandemic period.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, historical cohort study was conducted, comparing deliveries during the pandemic period (March-May 2020) with those during the prepandemic period (March-May 2019).
  • Data were extracted from electronic medical records.
  • Logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was employed to adjust for potential confounding factors and compare the risk of endometritis/IAI between the two periods.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of endometritis/IAI was similar between the pandemic period (4.0%) and the prepandemic period (5.1%), with no statistically significant difference (p=0.15).
  • Patients delivering during the pandemic period had a higher body mass index (BMI) and underwent fewer digital cervical exams compared to the prepandemic group.
  • After adjusting for risk factors using IPTW, the period of delivery was not associated with endometritis/IAI (OR=0.76, 95% CI [0.52, 1.11]).

Conclusions:

  • The implemented SARS-CoV-2 contact and respiratory precautions were not associated with a change in the risk of endometritis/intra-amniotic infection (IAI).
  • The early pandemic months saw a reduction in digital cervical exams and an increase in maternal BMI at delivery.
  • These findings suggest that stringent infection control measures for viral respiratory illnesses can be implemented in obstetric settings without adversely affecting the rates of common bacterial postpartum infections like endometritis/IAI.