Progress on H2B as a multifunctional protein related to pathogens
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Updated: Jun 28, 2025

In Situ Monitoring of Transiently Formed Molecular Chaperone Assemblies in Bacteria, Yeast, and Human Cells
Published on: September 2, 2019
Zhuo Zeng1, Li Chen1, Haodang Luo2
1Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
Abstract:
Histone H2B is a member of the core histones, which together with other histones form the nucleosome, the basic structural unit of chromosomes. As scientists delve deeper into histones, researchers gradually realize that histone H2B is not only an important part of nucleosomes, but also plays a momentous role in regulating gene transcription, acting as a receptor and antimicrobial action outside the nucleus. There are a variety of epigenetically modified sites in the H2B tail rich in arginine and lysine, which can occur in ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, etc. When stimulated by foreign factors such as bacteria, viruses or parasites, histone H2B can act as a receptor for the recognition of these pathogens, and induce an intrinsic immune response to enhance host defense. In addition, the extrachromosomal histone H2B is also an important anti-microorganism agent, which may be the key to the development of antibiotics in the future. This review aims to summarize the interaction between histone H2B and etiological agents and explore the role of H2B in epigenetic modifications, receptors and antimicrobial activity.
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