Müller muscle-Conjunctival Resection (MMCR) Surgery: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oculoplastic Surgery

Background:

• Upper eyelid ptosis, often due to levator aponeurosis issues, impacts vision and aesthetics.
• Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) is a surgical option for correcting this condition.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the current understanding of Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) surgery.
• To detail indications, techniques, outcomes, and complications associated with MMCR.
• To address debates regarding MMCR, including Phenylephrine response predictability and optimal muscle resection amounts.

Main Methods:

• A literature review was conducted.
• Evidence was sourced from PubMed, covering publications from 1975 to August 2023.

Main Results:

• MMCR demonstrates a success rate between 72% and 95%.
• Patient satisfaction is reported as high across multiple studies.
• Eyelid elevation averages 2.1 mm MRD1, though the range is variable.

Conclusions:

• Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) is a well-established and effective surgical technique for levator aponeurosis-related ptosis.
• The procedure is considered safe, with a low risk of complications and high patient satisfaction.
• MMCR offers a reliable method for correcting upper eyelid ptosis.