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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

151
Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
151

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Post-Traumatic Intracranial Pseudoaneurysm Presenting as Epistaxis.

Ali M Hassan1, Chad W Donley2, Praveen Venkatachalam3

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Elizabeth Hospital, Boardman, OH, USA.

Open Access Emergency Medicine : OAEM
|April 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Intracranial pseudoaneurysms can cause severe epistaxis (nosebleeds). A rare case involved a young woman with a history of head trauma who presented with a pseudoaneurysm successfully treated with embolization.

Keywords:
ONYX embolizationepistaxishemorrhagic shockpseudoaneurysm

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Epistaxis is a common emergency department complaint, with most cases having benign causes.
  • Less common causes include intracranial pseudoaneurysms, which can arise after head trauma.

Observation:

  • A 24-year-old female with a history of traumatic brain injury presented with severe epistaxis.
  • Imaging revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery extending into the ethmoidal sinus.

Findings:

  • The pseudoaneurysm was identified as the source of hemorrhage and successfully treated with ONYX embolization.
  • Post-treatment imaging confirmed aneurysm occlusion and internal carotid artery patency.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering intracranial vascular causes for epistaxis, particularly in trauma patients.
  • Successful endovascular coiling offers a viable treatment option for these rare but critical conditions.