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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

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Robot-Assisted Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection for Penile Cancer: An Indian Multicenter Experience.

Sudhir K Rawal1, Ashish Khanna1, Amitabh Singh1

  • 1Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Endourology
|April 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Robot-assisted video endoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection (RA-VEIL) is safe and effective for penile cancer patients with early-stage lymph node involvement. This minimally invasive procedure shows low complication rates and good oncologic outcomes, with minimal lymphedema.

Keywords:
carcinoma penisrobot assistedvideoendoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Penile cancer (CaP) management often requires inguinal lymph node dissection.
  • Traditional open surgery poses risks of morbidity.
  • Robot-assisted video endoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection (RA-VEIL) offers a minimally invasive alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the outcomes of RA-VEIL in penile cancer patients.
  • To assess the safety, oncologic efficacy, and functional results of RA-VEIL.
  • To analyze complication rates and recurrence patterns post-RA-VEIL.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 115 penile cancer patients undergoing RA-VEIL across 3 Indian centers.
  • Inclusion criteria: intermediate/high-risk CaP with nonpalpable or non-bulky inguinal lymphadenopathy.
  • Data collection included demographics, operative details, complications (Clavien-Dindo classification), lymphedema (ISL grading), and recurrence patterns.

Main Results:

  • Median operative time was 120 minutes per groin, with a median lymph node yield of 12.
  • 87.8% of groins had no complications; major complications (CDC 3) occurred in 2.6%.
  • At 13.5 months median follow-up, 13 patients had recurrences, 10 had cancer-related deaths, and 94% experienced no/minimal lymphedema (ISL 0/I). No port-site recurrences were noted.

Conclusions:

  • RA-VEIL is a safe and oncologically effective procedure for penile cancer with clinically nonpalpable or non-bulky inguinal lymphadenopathy.
  • The technique is associated with favorable functional outcomes, including a low incidence of lymphedema.
  • RA-VEIL represents a viable minimally invasive option for staging and treating inguinal lymph nodes in penile cancer.