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Wetting Effect Induced Depletion and Adsorption Layers: Diffuse Interface Perspective.

Haodong Zhang1,2, Hongmin Zhang1,2, Fei Wang1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how fluid mixtures form layers on surfaces. Surface wettability and fluid interactions dictate layer thickness, with non-equilibrium conditions creating unexpectedly thick layers due to phase separation.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Van der Waals interactions at fluid-solid interfaces induce depletion or adsorption layers.
  • Understanding these layers is crucial for predicting multi-component fluid behavior near surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate depletion/adsorption layer formation in a binary (A-B) fluid system.
  • To derive analytical expressions for equilibrium layer thickness and composition.
  • To explore non-equilibrium behaviors and macroscopic layer formation.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of analytical expressions based on de Gennes and Cahn theories.
  • Verification through phase-field simulations.
  • Systematic variation of substrate wettability, fluid interfacial tension, and temperature.

Main Results:

  • Two key mechanisms govern equilibrium layer thickness: substrate wettability (de Gennes theory) and fluid interactions (Cahn theory).
  • Substrate wettability dominates with increasing wall free energy.
  • Fluid interactions dominate with increasing interfacial tension or temperature.
  • Non-equilibrium systems exhibit macroscopic layers thicker than equilibrium microscopic layers due to phase separation and Ostwald ripening.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical models accurately predict equilibrium layer formation.
  • Distinct mechanisms control layer thickness based on system parameters.
  • Non-equilibrium phenomena lead to significant macroscopic layer formation, expanding understanding of fluid behavior at interfaces.