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Coevolution of Age-Structured Tolerance and Virulence.

Lydia J Buckingham1,2, Ben Ashby3,4,5,6

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Age-specific host tolerance to pathogens drives coevolutionary cycles, unlike uniform tolerance. This age structure also influences disease virulence, impacting host-pathogen dynamics across lifespans.

Keywords:
AdultAge-structureHostJuvenileParasitePathogen

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ecology
  • Pathogen dynamics

Background:

  • Hosts evolve resistance and tolerance to combat parasitism.
  • Age-specific tolerance patterns in hosts are influenced by pathogen coevolution.
  • The impact of host age structure on coevolutionary tolerance dynamics remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how host age structure influences coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and pathogens.
  • To compare coevolutionary outcomes when tolerance and virulence are age-specific versus uniform across the host lifespan.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mathematical model of tolerance-virulence coevolution.
  • Analyzed age-specific versus age-uniform tolerance and virulence traits.

Main Results:

  • Coevolutionary cycling between hosts and pathogens is more frequent with age-specific host tolerance.
  • Coevolutionary cycling does not occur when host tolerance is uniform across all ages.
  • Age-structured tolerance can select for higher virulence in shorter-lived hosts, contrasting with uniform tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Host age structure significantly impacts host-pathogen coevolutionary dynamics.
  • Age-specific tolerance can lead to distinct virulence evolution patterns compared to age-uniform tolerance.
  • Understanding age structure is crucial for predicting host-pathogen coevolutionary trajectories.