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Pit Viper Envenomation in Two Pregnant Bitches
Katherine Hedges1, Michael Schaer1, Ashley Allen-Durrance1
1From College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association
|April 25, 2024
Summary
Pit viper envenomation in pregnant dogs is rare but manageable. Prompt veterinary care, including antivenin, can lead to successful outcomes for both mother dogs and their puppies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Toxicology
- Reproductive Science
Background:
- Snake envenomation is a recognized risk for small animals, especially in regions where venomous snakes are prevalent.
- Limited data exists on the effects of snakebites during pregnancy, particularly in veterinary medicine.
- Crotalid snakebites can cause significant morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical presentation and management of pit viper envenomation in pregnant dogs.
- To evaluate the outcomes of envenomation and treatment on pregnant dogs and their fetuses.
- To provide the first documented case of managing pit viper envenomation in pregnant canines.
Main Methods:
- Case report of two pregnant female dogs presenting with signs of envenomation.
- Diagnostic evaluation including physical examination and clinical assessment.
- Medical management, including the administration of antivenin to one patient.
Main Results:
- Both dogs survived the envenomation with only minor complications.
- Successful pregnancies were carried to term, with all fetuses surviving.
- No significant adverse effects were observed in the mothers or their offspring post-whelping.
Conclusions:
- Pit viper envenomation in pregnant dogs can be managed successfully with appropriate veterinary intervention.
- Antivenin administration appears safe and effective in this context.
- This case series suggests a positive prognosis for pregnant dogs and their fetuses following pit viper envenomation.
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