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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

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Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol
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Executive function and preterm birth: A longitudinal study.

Patricia M Blasco1, Serra Acar2, Sybille M Guy3

  • 1Oregon Health & Science University, OR, United States of America.

Early Human Development
|April 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preterm infants show early executive function deficits and more behavioral concerns compared to full-term infants. Early identification of these executive function indicators can help reduce adverse outcomes associated with preterm birth.

Keywords:
AssessmentBehaviorDevelopment delayEarly interventionExecutive functionPreterm infants and toddlers

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Infants born with low birth weight (LBW) and preterm are at increased risk for developmental delays and cognitive deficits.
  • These deficits can persist, leading to lifelong learning difficulties and high-risk behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify early indicators of executive function (EF) in preterm infants using standardized assessments.
  • To compare behavioral and developmental measures between preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) infants.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study comparing PT and FT infants across three assessment sessions (6-8 months, 18-20 months, and a third session).
  • Utilized the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III), the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DMQ), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Preschool (BRIEF-P).
  • Multivariate linear models were employed to analyze group differences.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in BSID-III subtests and EF components were observed across all three assessment sessions.
  • Preterm infants exhibited more behavioral concerns on the CBCL at 18 and 36 months and lower scores on the BRIEF-P compared to full-term peers.
  • The proportion of preterm infants requiring Early Intervention services increased across the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of executive function indicators in preterm infants is feasible through standardized assessments.
  • These findings support the development of early detection strategies to mitigate adverse outcomes associated with preterm birth.