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Cellular mechanisms of cooperative context-sensitive predictive inference.

Tomáš Marvan¹, William A Phillips²

¹Institute of Philosophy, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Czech Republic.

Current Research in Neurobiology

|April 26, 2024

Summary

Cognition and cortex aim to maximize prediction success, distinct from prediction error minimization. New findings show pyramidal cells amplify signals based on context, enhancing cognitive abilities.

Keywords:

Apical amplification Coherent Infomax perceptual inference prediction error minimisation predictive coding

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

The prevailing view suggests prediction error minimization is the primary objective of the cortex.
Subtractive coding has been proposed as a mechanism for neural computation.
Evidence for subtractive coding remains unconvincing to the authors.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose prediction success maximization as a fundamental objective of cognition and the cortex.
To differentiate this objective from prediction error minimization.
To present neurobiological evidence supporting signal amplification over subtractive coding.

Main Methods:

Review of existing neurobiological evidence.
Outline of recent intracellular discoveries regarding pyramidal cell function.
Analysis of signal transmission and amplification mechanisms in neurons.

Main Results:

Prediction success maximization is presented as a core cognitive objective, distinct from prediction error minimization.
Neither objective necessitates subtractive coding.
Pyramidal cells amplify signals based on cooperative, context-sensitive dendritic input, specifically when excitatory inputs align.

Conclusions:

The mammalian neocortex's cognitive capabilities are significantly enhanced by cellular cooperative context-sensitivity.
The findings challenge the necessity of subtractive coding in neural computation.
Further research is needed on the evolution, development, and pathology of this mechanism.