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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Crosstalk between Exercise and Immunotherapy: Current Understanding and Future Directions.

Jiwei Liu1,2, Weici Liu1,2, Yuan Wan3

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.

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Exercise boosts antitumor immunity and improves cancer immunotherapy by modulating cytokines and metabolic pathways. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to better exercise prescriptions and cancer treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Science
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Exercise influences immune responses and metabolic processes.
  • Cytokine modulation by exercise impacts antitumor immunity.
  • Exercise enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms by which exercise enhances cancer immunotherapy.
  • To identify key factors and pathways in exercise-assisted cancer immunotherapy.
  • To support the development of personalized exercise prescriptions for cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on exercise, cytokines, and cancer immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of transcriptional pathways affected by exercise.
  • Investigation of metabolic reprogramming induced by physical activity.

Main Results:

  • Exercise modulates key cytokines involved in antitumor immunity.
  • Physical activity influences transcriptional pathways regulating immune responses.
  • Exercise can reprogram metabolic processes to enhance cancer immunotherapy efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding exercise-induced mechanisms can advance cancer immunotherapy.
  • Personalized exercise prescriptions can improve cancer patient prognosis.
  • Further research into exercise's role in cancer treatment is warranted.