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Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Secondary to Loperamide Ingestion: A Case Report
Ammar Jumah1, Abdalla Jamal Albanna1, Momina Qureshi1
1Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) can be triggered by medications. This case highlights loperamide as a rare cause of RCVS, a finding previously unreported in cerebral circulation studies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Toxicology
Background:
- Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by temporary narrowing of brain arteries.
- Identifying causative agents for RCVS is often difficult.
- Vasoactive substances are known triggers for RCVS.
Observation:
- A patient presented with symptoms of RCVS.
- The patient's medical history revealed loperamide ingestion.
- Loperamide is an opioid-receptor agonist used to treat diarrhea.
Findings:
- The patient's RCVS was definitively linked to loperamide use.
- This represents the first reported case of cerebral vasoconstriction induced by loperamide.
- Previous reports of loperamide-induced vasoconstriction were primarily in cardiac contexts.
Implications:
- Loperamide should be considered a potential trigger for RCVS.
- Clinicians should inquire about loperamide use in patients with suspected RCVS.
- Further research is needed to understand the mechanism of loperamide-induced cerebral vasoconstriction.
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