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Non-vascular Seedless Plants

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The diverse plant life on Earth—consisting of nearly 400,000 species—can be divided into three broad categories based on biological characteristics: nonvascular, seedless vascular, and seed plants.

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Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Development of Microfluidic Devices to Study the Elongation Capability of Tip-growing Plant Cells in Extremely Small Spaces

Development of Microfluidic Devices to Study the Elongation Capability of Tip-growing Plant Cells in Extremely Small Spaces

Published on: May 22, 2018

The tiny drivers behind plant ecology and evolution

Jennifer A Lau¹, Lana G Bolin¹

¹Biology Department, Indiana University, 1001 E 3rd St., Bloomington, 47405, IN, USA.

American Journal of Botany

|April 26, 2024

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

Keywords:

maternal effect microbial community natural selection phenotypic plasticity plant‐microbe interaction symbiosis

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