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  11. Size Limits And Fission Channels Of Doubly Charged Noble Gas Clusters

Size limits and fission channels of doubly charged noble gas clusters

Ianessa Stromberg1,2, Stefan Bergmeister1, Lisa Ganner1

  • 1Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. e.gruber@uibk.ac.at.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|April 26, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created smaller doubly charged atomic clusters using a novel method. This challenges previous theories on fission barriers and opens new avenues for studying cluster stability.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Nanoscale Science

Background:

  • Highly charged liquid droplets are unstable below the Rayleigh limit (fissility parameter X > 1).
  • The absence of small doubly charged atomic cluster ions was previously attributed to barrierless fission at X=1.
  • Realistic models suggest this size marks the onset of fission rates exceeding other dissociation channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a novel method for forming small dicationic clusters.
  • To investigate the Rayleigh limit of doubly charged van der Waals clusters.
  • To challenge existing theoretical underestimations of fission barriers in atomic clusters.

Main Methods:

  • Penning ionization of singly charged noble gas (Ng) clusters embedded in helium nanodroplets.

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  • Gentle extraction of dicationic clusters via low-energy collisions with helium gas.
  • Collisional excitation of mass-selected dications to measure fragment ion size distributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed dicationic noble gas (Ng2+) ions approximately 40% smaller for Xe and Kr, and 20% smaller for Ar, than previously reported.
    • Dicationic Kr and Xe clusters evaporated an atom before fission at low collision pressures.
    • Fragment distribution from small dicationic Ar cluster fission was bimodal.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully produced smaller dicationic noble gas clusters, indicating underestimated fission barriers in prior theoretical work.
    • The observed atom evaporation before fission in Kr and Xe clusters provides new insights into cluster dissociation pathways.
    • The bimodal fragment distribution in Ar cluster fission suggests specific fission mechanisms at the nanoscale.