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Do Concurrent Peri-Implantitis and Periodontitis Share Their Microbiotas? A Pilot Study.

Ana Parga1,2, José Manuel Pose-Rodríguez3, Andrea Muras1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, CIBUS-Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

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|April 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparing oral lesions, this study found distinct microbial profiles in peri-implantitis versus periodontal disease. Peri-implantitis sites showed higher pathogen abundance, suggesting related yet different disease mechanisms.

Keywords:
Illuminacollection methodmicrobiologyoral microbiomeperi-implantitisperiodontal disease

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Implant Dentistry

Background:

  • Contradictory literature exists on the etiological link between peri-implant and periodontal lesions.
  • Understanding the microbial differences is crucial for diagnosing and treating these oral conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the microbial compositions of concurrent peri-implant and periodontal lesions.
  • To evaluate the impact of sample collection methods on microbial recovery.
  • To elucidate the relationship between peri-implantitis and periodontal disease microbiomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microbial samples from nine patients with concurrent lesions.
  • Utilized Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons.
  • Employed Principal Components Analysis for microbial community comparison.
  • Compared microbial data based on collection methods (curettes vs. paper points) and lesion type.

Main Results:

  • Paper points yielded a higher number of bacterial genera compared to curettes.
  • Peri-implantitis samples exhibited greater bacterial diversity than matched periodontal samples.
  • Periodontal samples contained more operational taxonomic units (OTUs) than peri-implantitis samples.
  • Specific oral pathogens (e.g., Porphyromonas, Treponema) were more abundant in peri-implantitis.
  • Aggregatibacter was more prevalent in periodontal lesions, indicating distinct microbial signatures.

Conclusions:

  • Peri-implantitis and periodontal disease possess different yet related microbial profiles.
  • Findings suggest distinct pathogenic mechanisms for peri-implant infections.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to confirm these microbial differences.