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Multifunctional Vanadium Nitride-Modified Separator for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Sen Liu¹, Yang Liu¹, Xu Zhang¹

¹School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 26, 2024

Summary

Vanadium nitride nanoparticles on a nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton (VN@NC) effectively suppress the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). This material enhances electrochemical performance and cycle stability for advanced LSB applications.

Keywords:

bifunctional catalytic kinetic lithium polysulfide lithium–sulfur batteries separator modification vanadium nitride

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) show promise as next-generation energy storage but are hindered by the polysulfide shuttle effect.
The shuttle effect leads to capacity fading and poor cycle life in LSBs, limiting their practical use.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel separator modification material for LSBs to mitigate the shuttle effect.
To enhance the electrochemical performance and stability of LSBs using the developed material.

Main Methods:

In situ synthesis of vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles on a nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton (VN@NC) derived from MAX phase materials.
Utilizing VN@NC as a separator modification layer in LSBs.
Electrochemical characterization including rate capability and long-term cycling tests.

Main Results:

VN@NC effectively suppressed the shuttle effect by accelerating lithium polysulfide conversion kinetics.
LSBs with VN@NC-modified separators demonstrated high specific capacity (1052.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C) and excellent rate performance (560 mAh g⁻¹ at 4 C).
The modified LSBs exhibited remarkable cycle stability with an average degradation rate of 0.085% over 400 cycles, even under demanding conditions (low E/S ratio, high sulfur loading).

Conclusions:

The synergistic effect between VN and the carbon skeleton in VN@NC significantly enhances LSB performance.
VN@NC is a facile and efficient separator modification strategy for realizing high-performance and stable lithium-sulfur batteries.