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The Effects of Single-Bout Exercise Interventions with Different Exercise Modalities on Executive Function in Youths
Chung-Kit Tam1, Yu-Hua Chang2, Kok-Hwa Tan2
1Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300035, Taiwan.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2024
Summary
Single bouts of open-skill exercise (OSE), closed-skill exercise (CSE), and mixed-skill exercise (MSE) improve executive function. OSE uniquely reduces simple reaction time, while all exercise types enhance choice reaction time and reduce switch cost.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
- Human Movement Science
Background:
- Executive function is crucial for cognitive performance.
- Understanding exercise's impact on executive function is vital.
- Different exercise skill types may differentially affect cognitive processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of single-bout open-skill exercise (OSE), closed-skill exercise (CSE), and mixed-skill exercise (MSE) on executive function.
- To compare the efficacy of OSE, CSE, and MSE interventions on specific executive function metrics.
Main Methods:
- 120 students (18-25 years) were divided into OSE, CSE, and MSE groups.
- A task-switching test assessed simple reaction time, choice reaction time, switch cost, and correction rate pre- and post-intervention.
- Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with a significance level of α = 0.05.
Main Results:
- Open-skill exercise (OSE) significantly improved simple reaction time (p < 0.05).
- All exercise types (OSE, CSE, MSE) significantly improved choice reaction time and reduced switch cost (p < 0.05), with no significant inter-group differences.
- No significant effects on correction rate were observed post-intervention or between groups.
Conclusions:
- All exercise interventions (OSE, CSE, MSE) effectively shorten choice reaction time and reduce switch cost.
- Only open-skill exercise (OSE) demonstrated a significant reduction in simple reaction time.
- Exercise type plays a role in specific executive function improvements, particularly for reaction time components.
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