Relative Age Effect Analysis in the History of the Ballon d'Or (1956-2023)
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.The relative age effect (RAE) in football
Area Of Science
- Sports Science
- Football Analytics
- Human Performance
Background
- The Ballon d'Or is a prestigious individual award in football.
- Understanding factors influencing player selection is crucial for talent development.
- The relative age effect (RAE) may impact player recognition.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the presence and evolution of the relative age effect (RAE) in Ballon d'Or nominees.
- To analyze RAE trends across different eras of the award's history.
Main Methods
- Analysis of birthdate distributions for 1899 Ballon d'Or nominees (1956-2023).
- Categorization of birthdates into four trimesters.
- Chi-square analysis, Cramer's V, standardized residuals, and Odds Ratios to assess RAE and effect size.
Main Results
- A significant global relative age effect (RAE) was detected among nominees.
- Early decades showed an overrepresentation of players born in the latter half of the year.
- Recent decades exhibit a resurgence of RAE, favoring players born in the first quarters.
Conclusions
- The relative age effect (RAE) is a persistent factor in Ballon d'Or nominations.
- RAE trends have shifted over time, indicating dynamic influences on player recognition.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering RAE in youth development and talent identification in football.
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