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Enlargement of the choroid plexus in pediatric multiple sclerosis

Gabriel de Deus Vieira1, Fernanda Ferrão Antônio2, Alfredo Damasceno2

  • 1Department of Neuroimmunology, University of Campinas, Vital Brasil Street 251, Campinas, SP, Brazil. gabrieldedeusvieira@gmail.com.

Neuroradiology
|April 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show an enlarged choroid plexus (CP) and reduced thalamic volume compared to healthy individuals. These findings suggest CP involvement in pediatric MS.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The choroid plexus (CP) is implicated in adult multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology, primarily through inflammatory mechanisms.
  • Limited research exists on the CP's role in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate clinical and MRI parameters in patients diagnosed with POMS.
  • To compare neuroimaging variables, including CP volume and deep gray matter structures, between POMS patients and healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 10 POMS patients and 16 HC underwent clinical and neuroimaging assessments.
  • MRI evaluated cerebral cortex, CP, deep gray matter structures, and demyelinating lesions.
  • Statistical analysis compared volumetric data between POMS and HC groups.

Main Results:

  • POMS patients exhibited significantly higher CP volume compared to HC (p=0.012).
  • Thalamic volume was significantly lower in POMS patients than in HC (p=0.038).
  • The POMS cohort consisted predominantly of girls (80%) with a mean age of 15.3 years.

Conclusions:

  • This study identifies CP enlargement and reduced thalamic volume in POMS patients.
  • These findings highlight potential CP involvement in the pathophysiology of pediatric MS.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the CP's specific role in POMS.

Keywords:
Choroid plexusMRIMagnetic resonance volumetryPediatric multiple sclerosis

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